Missile defense - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Missile defense is a system, weapon, or technology involved in the detection, tracking, interception, and destruction of attacking missiles. Originally conceived as a defence against nuclear- armedintercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), its application has broadened to include shorter- ranged non- nuclear tactical and theater missiles. The United States, Russia, China, India, Israel, and France have all developed such air defense systems. Missile Defense Agency has developed maritime systems and command and control that will eventually be transferred to the Navy and Air Force for operation and sustainment. Missile defense categories. Each entails unique requirements for intercept, and a defensive system capable of intercepting one missile type frequently cannot intercept others; however there is sometimes overlap in capability. Strategic missile defense. Examples of currently active systems: Russian A- 1. Moscow, and the U. Mostly missile defense (and some space surveillance), mostly from a technical perspective. The National Defense Industrial Association (NDIA) is America’s leading Defense Industry association promoting national security. NDIA is proud to provide a legal and ethical forum for the exchange of information between. VICTORIA, British Columbia — The Canadian government has put the possibility of its military joining the US ballistic missile defense program back on the agenda, a little more than a decade after it rejected taking part in. The Missile Defense Agency has fielded an initial capability to protect the U.S and our allies against limited ballistic missile attack. Research, policy studies, analysis and information on missile defense, ballistic missiles and the US missile defense system from the Heritage Foundation. National Missile Defense: A Status Report. Author: Greg Bruno Updated: September 17, 2009 This publication is now archived. S. Ground- Based Midcourse Defense system that defends the United States from missiles launched from Asia. Geographic range of strategic defense can be regional (Russian system) or national (U. S. In this context, the term . Defense range of theater defensive systems is usually on this order. Examples of deployed or soon- to- be deployed theater missile defenses: Israeli Arrow missile, American THAAD, and Russian S- 4. Tactical missile defense. Tactical anti- ballistic missiles (ABMs) have short ranges, typically 2. Examples of currently- deployed tactical ABMs: American MIM- 1. Patriot and Russian S- 3. V. Trajectory phase. The trajectory of most ballistic missiles takes them inside and outside the Earth's atmosphere, and they can be intercepted in either place. There are advantages and disadvantages to either intercept technique. Some missiles such as THAAD can intercept both inside and outside the Earth's atmosphere, giving two intercept opportunities. Endoatmospheric. The DEW Line was designed to track inbound ballistic missiles. In the 1. 95. 0s and 1. The technology mostly centered around detecting offensive launch events and tracking inbound ballistic missiles, but with limited ability to actually defend against the missile. The Soviet Union achieved the first nonnuclear intercept of a ballistic missile warhead by a missile at the Sary Shagan antiballistic missile defense test range on 4 March 1. Throughout the 1. United States Project Nike air defense program focused initially on bombers, then ballistic missiles. In the 1. 95. 0s, the first United States anti- ballistic missile system was the Nike Hercules, which had a limited ability to intercept incoming ballistic missiles, although not ICBMs. This was followed by Nike Zeus, which using a nuclear warhead could intercept ICBMs. However Nike Zeus had other limitations which prevented it being deployed. The system included large powerful radars and a computer complex. Eventually, the Nike- X program was realigned and renamed Sentinel. This program's goal was to protect major U. S. That system has been upgraded several times and is still operational. The United States announced an ABM program to protect twelve ICBM sites in 1. In 1. 96. 7, then- Secretary of Defense Robert Mc. Namara stated: . Sentinel program was redesignated the Safeguard Program, with the new goal of defending U. S. ICBM sites, not cities. Safeguard system was deployed to defend the LGM- 3. Minuteman. ICBMs near Grand Forks, North Dakota. It was deactivated in 1. Precision hit- to- kill systems more reliable than the early Nike Zeus were thought possible. With these improvements, the Reagan Administration promoted the Strategic Defense Initiative, an ambitious plan to provide a comprehensive defense against an all- out ICBM attack. Reagan established the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO), which was later changed to the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO). In 2. 00. 2, BMDO's name was changed to its current title, the Missile Defense Agency (MDA). See National Missile Defense for additional details. In the early 1. 99. Gulf War. Although not designed from the outset to intercept tactical missiles, upgrades gave the Patriot system a limited missile defense capability. The effectiveness of the Patriot system in disabling or destroying incoming Scuds was the subject of Congressional hearings and reports in 1. In 2. 00. 2, President George W. Bush withdrew the US from the Anti- Ballistic Missile Treaty, allowing further development and testing of ABMs under the Missile Defense Agency, and allowing for deployment of interceptor vehicles beyond the single site allowed under the treaty. There are still technological hurdles to an effective defense against ballistic missile attack. The United States National Ballistic Missile Defense System has come under scrutiny about its technological feasibility. Intercepting midcourse (rather than launch or reentry stage) ballistic missiles traveling at several miles per second with a . Despite this difficulty, there have been several successful test intercepts and the system was made operational in 2. Sensors that track and target warheads aboard the kinetic kill vehicle may have trouble distinguishing the . Nira Schwartz's and Theodore Postol's criticisms about the technical feasibility of these sensors have led to a continuing investigation of research misconduct and fraud at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. As of 2. 01. 4, the Missile Defense Agency had 3. GBIs. As with aircraft defense, countermeasures such as chaff, flares, and low altitude can complicate targeting and missile interception. High- flying radar aircraft such as AWACS can often identify low flying threats by using doppler radar. Another possible method is using specialized satellites to track these targets. By coupling a target's kinetic inputs with infrared and radar signatures it may be possible to overcome the countermeasures. In March 2. 00. 8, the U. S. Congress convened hearings to re- examine the status of missile defense in U. S. Upon taking office, President Obama directed a comprehensive review of ballistic missile defense policy and programs. The review's findings related to Europe were announced on 1. September 2. 00. 9. The Ballistic Missile Defense Review (BMDR) Report was published in February 2. The ALTBMD Program Management Organization, which comprises a Steering Committee and a Program Office hosted by the NATO C3 Agency, directs the program and reports to the CNAD. The focal point for consultation on full- scale missile defense is the Reinforced Executive Working Group. The CNAD is responsible for conducting technical studies and reporting the outcome to the Group. The NRC Ad hoc Working Group on TMD is the steering body for NATO- Russia cooperation on theater missile defense. Missile defense. This is in response to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their delivery systems, including missiles of all ranges. NATO is conducting three missile defense. NATO member countries provide the sensors and weapon systems, while NATO has developed the BMC3. I segment and facilitate the integration of all these elements. Missile Defense for the protection of NATO territory. The NATO Consultation, Command and Control Agency (NC3. A) and NATO. The study concluded that missile defense is technically feasible, and it provided a technical basis for ongoing political and military discussions regarding the desirability of a NATO missile defense system. During the 2. 00. Bucharest summit, the alliance discussed the technical details as well as the political and military implications of the proposed elements of the U. S. Allied leaders recognized that the planned deployment of European- based U. S. However, these opinions are in the process of being reconstructed given the Obama administration. The upgrade to its theatre missile defense command and control system will allow for NATO to connect national sensors and interceptors in defense against short and medium- range ballistic missiles. The project was expected to be complete by 2. Retrieved 2. 1 November 2. Retrieved 2. 1 November 2. Retrieved 2. 1 November 2. Defense Industry Daily. United States Department of Defense. United States Department of Defense. Retrieved 8 July 2. April 2. 00. 7. Ishmael Jones, The Human Factor: Inside the CIA's Dysfunctional Intelligence Culture, New York: Encounter Books (2. ISBN 9. 78- 1. 59. Missiles intelligence.
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