How to Build Roof Rafters Using a Framing Square. Determine the slope, or . The pitch is defined as the vertical distance a roof rises in each horizontal foot. Example: If the slope rises 6 inches in each horizontal foot, the pitch is referred to as . Rafters should always be cut and installed with the crown up. Choose an end of the 2- by- 6 to be the top end of the rafter. Use a rafter calculator to determine the rafter length and mark the length on the face of the rafter at the top edge. Place the framing square against the bottom edge of the rafter, aligning the pitch measurement on the outside edge of the shorter, narrower arm of the square, called the . Align the 1. 2- inch mark on the outside edge of the wider, longer arm of the square, called the . Make a pencil line down the square's tongue edge. This angle is called the . Mark a plumb cut line from the rafter length mark across the face of the rafter board. This mark will align with the outside of the exterior wall. Measure from the bottom end of the plumb cut line marked in Step 5 and make a mark at 2 inches. From this measurement, mark a line square to the plumb cut line to the bottom edge of the rafter. This marks the notch, or . Align the framing square as in Step 4 at this mark, and mark another plumb cut line parallel to the plumb cut line marked in Step 5. Set a bevel square to the plumb cut angle marked in Step 5. Align the bevel square at the top end of the rafter, with the handle against the bottom edge of the rafter. Mark a line from the end of the top edge and parallel to the plumb cut line marked in Step 5. This will be the cut line for the top of the rafter, which attaches to the face of the ridge board. Use a circular saw to cut the top and overhang plumb cuts marked in Step 6 and 8. Cut the bird's mouth to where the two lines meet, then use a handsaw to complete removal of the wood notch. Position the rafter in place to verify the accuracy of the cuts, then use the completed rafter as a template for marking the cut lines on the remaining rafters needed. Roof Framing 1. 01. How to build a roof? Depending upon what you are roofing, the steps can be quite different Let’s start with a small shed project. A very quick roof can be installed using sheets of fiberglass panels. These panels vary in width but the most common sizes are twenty- four and thirty inch wide panels. Thirty six inch panels are available at some retailers as well. About Roof Pitch Calculator. With this Roof Pitch Calculator, you can quickly calculate the length of your gable (length of the rafters). All you will have to provide is the ground dimensions of your roof (including the. DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROOF SNOW REMOVAL TOOL Salt Lake City, UT received over 4 feet of snow during the first 10 days in 1993. Residents were out in mass, shoveling the heavy accumulations of snow from roofs, in anticipation of. When Gary Katz asked me to build a new shop for him I figured I was up for the task. The plans showed it was really just a big rectangular barn with a simple gable roof and a 4/12 pitch. The rendering showed a prow feature on. Lengths are generally twelve feet but eight foot and ten foot long sheets are also available. Standard framing will consist of multiple rafters and a ridge beam. A much quicker frame is to use a shed style framing system especially when you are just learning how to build a roof. This requires no ridge beam, can be installed by one person and with no ridge is less costly as well. It is desirable to obtain a four on twelve slope for your roof. That means the roof will drop from the high side to the low side by four inches per foot of travel. RoofSnap offers aerial roof measurement and estimating apps that make your roof measurements more accurate and your roofing estimators more efficient. A video on how to construct a pitched roof using hand cut methods. This part is all on the theory of pitched roof and should be watched prior to the practica. How to build a roof generally falls into two types or styles. Standard American framing and trusses. Framing members for roof rafters are sized according to the height, slope and span of the roof. A small shed may be framed. Need these calculations on-site? Try the site with an iPad or Android Tablet. With a tablet, you can directly measure angles for input to the Roofing and Pitch Angle calculator apps. Lay the tablet on an incline and tap to. Common rafters are, well, the most common rafter when it comes to residential roof framing,and can be used with any roof pitch. Gable roofs are built with. This is the basic method to find the pitch of a roof. It is practical when there is not a pitch tool or angle tool available. This is not difficult and is a useful skill when you are in a pinch. If your shed is twelve foot wide, then the drop should be forty eight inches. If your slope is less than that, say three on twelve or two on twelve, you will have to use larger rafters and a product called rolled roofing in lieu of standard shingles. This helps prevent ice backup under the shingles due to the flatter roofs lesser ability to shed water quickly. When learning how to build a roof it’s good to know about fiberglass roofing panels require a slightly different framing method than conventional roofs. In addition to the standard rafters or trusses you must install what are known as Girts. Typically two inch by four lumber they are installed in a continuing line perpendicular to the rafter framing at two foot intervals with one at the top and one at the bottom of the roof edges and two foot spaces or less in between. The fiberglass panels will span across the girts and the girts will provide adequate places to fasten the panels. If a panel is not long enough to span the entire roof, panels may be lapped over each other and by using lap sealant, provide a very sturdy roof. Panels are usually fastened with ring shank nails and a rubber grommets to seal nail holes from seeping in water. Screws are quite often used as well as they will not back out or loosen over time. Cost is a few dollars more but much less maintenance later on. There are also available sponge seals for both ends of the sheets where they sit on the edge beams or plates and for any sheet laps that are made. These are very inexpensive and avoids having to custom cut some type of wooden closure strip at the sheet ends. Another quick roof but not in my opinion as attractive, is the use of roll roofing. Roll roofing will last for many years and really requires only minimal checking to assure the lapped seams have not opened to the weather. After your framing is completed, install your plywood sheets. If you are using twenty- four inch spacing of the rafters a minimum plywood size is 5/8 of an inch thick. You want to minimize substrate movement to avoid cracking of the asphalt seals on the rolled roofing material. The stiffer the substrate, the less trouble you will have in the future. If you framed at sixteen inch centers, 5/8 ply is more than sufficient. Roll roofing is applied somewhat like regular fiberglass shingles but uses far less nails and covers much roof area more quickly with each course. Standard roll roofing is thirty or thirty- six inches wide. It is available in several colors to pick from. Warm areas pick white or light colors, Northern areas pick dark colors if you are heating the shed or garage. The dark color will help absorb the sun’s heat and aid in melting snow and providing a little free solar warmth to the roof area. When learning how to build a roof it’s good to Startout. The use of galvanized roofing nails is mandatory. Install the second sheet overlapping the lower sheet by the manufactures requirements. Roofing is usually marked with a different colored line to show the required overlap. I have seen both four inch and six inch laps required. Note that each layer on the bottom of the sheet has an asphalt coating on the underside. Once the sun heats the sheets, this asphalt will melt and seal the joints between the two sheets. If roofing is being installed in the winter time, roofers will use a torch to heat and seal the laps. Be very careful if you attempt to do this. Over heating the roofing can cause the roofing to melt and in the worst case, set fire to the structure below. It takes very little heat to seal the sheets so work very carefully so as not to damage them. Once done, apply roofing sealant using a caulking gun to any exposed nail heads. On larger structures such as a full sized home, metal roofing sheets are used in lieu of fiberglass sheets. Although more expensive than conventional shingles on the outset, many companies guarantee their sheeting for fifty years or longer. Roll roofing is generally not used on homes as the appearance is not as nice looking as shingles. One word about safety. A safety harness is always a good idea and can save you a broken leg or worse from a fall. Make sure ladders are properly secured in place as well unless you want to sit on a roof all day waiting for someone to come and stand the ladder back up. When learning how to build a roof this is very important! Be careful! Article Source: http: //Ezine. Articles. com/5. 55.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
December 2016
Categories |